The Concept of CMR
Slides, videos and moreEvaluating CMR
Assessing CVD Risk: Traditional Approaches
Limitations
- 1Key Points (1 page)
- 2Predicting CVD Risk (1 page)
- 3Applicability of Prediction Models to Different Populations (2 pages)
- 4Limited Risk Prediction Models in Women (1 page)
- 5Exclusion of Subjects With Type 2 Diabetes (2 pages)
- 6Exclusion of Potential Risk Factors in Prediction Equations (1 page)
- 7Endpoints Heterogeneity (1 page)
- 8References (1 page)
Applicability of Prediction Models to Different Populations
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UKPDS (4)—which developed an equation for estimating the risk of new CHD events in men and women with type 2 diabetes—also has some limitations caused by selection criteria. The data underpinning the prediction model was restricted to patients recruited by the UKPDS, which led to the exclusion of individuals over 65 years of age and those with recent major heart disease or stroke (12). Because of its selection bias, this model is not recommended to predict events below 4 years of follow-up or for people over 65 years of age, which means many patients with type 2 diabetes are excluded. Although the UKPDS risk engine has been a fabulous addition to cardiovascular epidemiology in type 2 diabetes, there is a need to develop CVD risk prediction models for type 2 diabetes that cover a greater age range and apply whether or not CVD is present.
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