The Concept of CMR
Slides, videos and moreManaging CMR
Managing Cardiometabolic Risk in Abdominally Obese Patients
Physical Activity and Exercise
- 1Key Points (1 page)
- 2Exercise and Cardiometabolic Risk (2 pages)
- 3Exercise and Abdominal Obesity (3 pages)
- 4Exercise and Insulin Resistance (5 pages)
- 5Exercise and Atherogenic Dyslipidemia (4 pages)
- 6Exercise and Elevated Blood Pressure (3 pages)
- 7Exercise and Thrombosis (3 pages)
- 8Exercise and Systemic Inflammation (3 pages)
- 9References (1 page)
Exercise and Atherogenic Dyslipidemia
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The evidence for exercise-related improvements in lipid status appears to be strongest for HDL cholesterol and triglycerides (65-67, 70, 71). For example, a meta-analysis of 15 randomized, controlled studies revealed that 30 to 60 minutes of moderate-intensity aerobic exercise three to five times per week produced a mean increase in HDL cholesterol levels of ~4% (0.05 mmol/l) and a decrease in triglyceride levels of ~12% (0.21 mmol/l) (71). These results generally agree with those of a prior review that concluded that aerobic exercise inducing an energy expenditure of 1,200 to 2,200 kcal/wk can increase HDL cholesterol levels by 4 to 22% (0.05-0.21 mmol/l) and decrease triglyceride levels 4 to 37% (0.01-0.43 mmol/l) (66). Other analyses (67, 70) have echoed these findings, suggesting that only a modest amount of exercise is required to produce significant improvements. However, a dose-response relationship has yet to be established (67). While some studies have suggested that exercise-induced weight loss is necessary to see lipid improvements (65), others have shown that while HDL cholesterol and triglyceride improvements are generally greater in those who lose weight, these improvements can occur even when weight remains virtually unchanged (66, 71, 72). However, these changes may depend on changes to body composition, such as increased skeletal muscle mass or reduced intra-abdominal fat (25, 26).
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