The Concept of CMR
Slides, videos and moreManaging CMR
Preventing Type 2 Diabetes
Targeting Abdominal Obesity
- 1Key Points (1 page)
- 2Targeting Abdominal Obesity to Manage the Metabolic Syndrome (1 page)
- 3Lifestyle Interventions (5 pages)
- 4Pharmacotherapy for the Prevention of Type 2 Diabetes (4 pages)
- 5References (1 page)
Lifestyle Interventions
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Several studies have highlighted the benefits of lifestyle changes in preventing type 2 diabetes in subjects with impaired glucose tolerance (IGT). The first large study to illustrate the key role played by a lifestyle modification program in preventing diabetes among individuals with glucose intolerance was the Finnish Diabetes Prevention Study (8). In that study, a sample of 522 middle-aged men and women, who were all overweight with IGT, were randomly assigned to an intervention group designed to lower total intake of fat (especially saturated fats) to less than 30% of energy consumed, increase intake of dietary fibre, and ensure participants took part in moderate exercise for at least 30 minutes per day. Over the study follow-up period, the overall cumulative incidence of diabetes dropped by 58% in the lifestyle modification group, with the reduction directly linked to lifestyle changes. Cumulative diabetes incidence was 11% and 23% for the intervention and control groups, respectively. Significantly, the lifestyle intervention program reduced waist circumference by 4.4 ± 5.2 cm and improved both glucose-insulin homeostasis variables and lipoprotein-lipid parameters associated with the metabolic syndrome. Based on these results, the authors concluded that 22 subjects with IGT must be treated with lifestyle interventions to prevent one case of diabetes.
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